| Description | Treponema denticola is a gram-negative, spiral-shaped spirochete that thrives in anaerobic environments, making it an obligate anaerobe. This microbe prefers temperatures around 37°C, which is consistent with its presence in the human oral cavity, particularly within subgingival plaque associated with periodontal disease. T. denticola is classified as a chemoheterotroph, obtaining its energy by breaking down organic matter and relying on various host-derived nutrients. T. denticola is primarily found in the human mouth, particularly in the periodontal pockets of individuals with gum disease. It is a notable member of the oral microbiome and is often identified alongside other pathogenic species in the complex interplay of oral health and disease. The microbe’s helical structure, along with its unique motility, enables it to navigate through viscous environments like oral biofilms, aiding its colonization and persistence. The pathogenic capabilities of T. denticola are linked to its virulence factors, such as proteolytic enzymes and the production of toxins, which contribute to periodontal tissue destruction. Its association with periodontitis underscores its role in oral health; it can serve as a significant indicator of the disease progression and severity. Additionally, the presence of T. denticola has been implicated in systemic health issues, connecting periodontal disease to conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Research continues into T. denticola's ecological functions and its interactions within the oral microbiome, highlighting its complexity and the significance of spirochetes in human health and disease contexts. |
|---|
